Nonilex<p>…the most dramatic 1993-94 evidence of <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/DavidSouter" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>DavidSouter</span></a>'s increasingly influential intellectual leadership of the Court's 6 mainstream members was the growing number of combative references that <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/AntoninScalia" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AntoninScalia</span></a> was directing to him in multiple opinions. <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/SCOTUS" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>SCOTUS</span></a> insiders emphasize that in person, the 2 justices "like each other,” …but based upon the written record, there is little doubt that Scalia now realizes…that he has decisively lost the struggle for <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/intellectual" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>intellectual</span></a> leadership of the Court….</p><p><a href="https://masto.ai/tags/law" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>law</span></a></p>
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#intellectual
1 post · 1 participant · 1 post today
Nonilex<p>The threat to <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/academics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>academics</span></a>' livelihoods at universities including <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/Yale" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Yale</span></a>, <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/Columbia" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Columbia</span></a> & <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/JohnsHopkins" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>JohnsHopkins</span></a> has given <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/Europe" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Europe</span></a>'s political leaders hope they could reap an <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/intellectual" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>intellectual</span></a> windfall.</p><p>A letter, reviewed by Reuters, signed in March by 13 European countries including <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/France" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>France</span></a>, <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/Germany" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Germany</span></a> & <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/Spain" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Spain</span></a>, urged the <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/EU" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>EU</span></a> Commission to move fast to attract <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/academic" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>academic</span></a> talent.</p><p><a href="https://masto.ai/tags/Trump" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Trump</span></a> <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/BrainDrain" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>BrainDrain</span></a> <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/law" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>law</span></a> <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/academia" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>academia</span></a> <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/AntiIntellectualism" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AntiIntellectualism</span></a> <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/science" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>science</span></a> <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/research" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>research</span></a> <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/censorship" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>censorship</span></a> <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/MafiaState" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>MafiaState</span></a> <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/Nazis" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Nazis</span></a></p>
UniversityofGroningenLibrary<p>"Publishing <a href="https://social.edu.nl/tags/diamond" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>diamond</span></a> <a href="https://social.edu.nl/tags/OpenAccess" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>OpenAccess</span></a> is a noblesse oblige for us. Let everyone benefit from research, so that we contribute together to appropriate care and improve the quality of life for people with <a href="https://social.edu.nl/tags/intellectual" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>intellectual</span></a> <a href="https://social.edu.nl/tags/disabilities" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>disabilities</span></a>." <br> <br>Read the interview with Alain Dekker, editor of an open access book on <a href="https://social.edu.nl/tags/psychosocial" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>psychosocial</span></a> <a href="https://social.edu.nl/tags/support" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>support</span></a> <a href="https://social.edu.nl/tags/methods" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>methods</span></a>: </p><p>🔗 <a href="https://www.rug.nl/library/open-access/blog/publishing-a-open-access-book-on-psychosocial-support-methods-for-people-with-intellectual-disabilit" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">rug.nl/library/open-access/blo</span><span class="invisible">g/publishing-a-open-access-book-on-psychosocial-support-methods-for-people-with-intellectual-disabilit</span></a></p><p>The book, published in 2024, has been downloaded >10,000 times by now.</p><p><a href="https://social.edu.nl/tags/research" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>research</span></a> <a href="https://social.edu.nl/tags/care" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>care</span></a> <a href="https://social.edu.nl/tags/psychology" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>psychology</span></a> <a href="https://social.edu.nl/tags/SocialWork" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>SocialWork</span></a></p><p>📷 by Silvio Zangarini</p>
MiguelEl loco letrado <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/fool?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#fool</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/loco?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#loco</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/intellectual?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#intellectual</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/louvre?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#louvre</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/exhibition?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#exhibition</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/glasses?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#glasses</a>
SLCW💥<p>If <a href="https://newsie.social/tags/Trump" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Trump</span></a> is allowed back in the <a href="https://newsie.social/tags/WhiteHouse" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>WhiteHouse</span></a>, the <a href="https://newsie.social/tags/intellectual" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>intellectual</span></a> divide between red and blue states will drastically expand as <a href="https://newsie.social/tags/GOP" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>GOP</span></a>-controlled states Institute an educational <a href="https://newsie.social/tags/curriculum" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>curriculum</span></a> more suited to the 19th century than the modern world. The <a href="https://newsie.social/tags/dumb" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>dumb</span></a> are going to get dumber, and <a href="https://newsie.social/tags/students" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>students</span></a> from these states are going to find <a href="https://newsie.social/tags/employment" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>employment</span></a> outside of <a href="https://newsie.social/tags/church" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>church</span></a> organizations or family <a href="https://newsie.social/tags/farms" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>farms</span></a> very difficult to obtain and thrive in.</p><p><a href="https://newsie.social/tags/poorlyEducated" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>poorlyEducated</span></a> <a href="https://newsie.social/tags/RepublicansAreTheProblem" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>RepublicansAreTheProblem</span></a></p><p><a href="https://www.audacy.com/wwjnewsradio/news/local/in-mich-trump-promises-to-eliminate-us-education-department" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">audacy.com/wwjnewsradio/news/l</span><span class="invisible">ocal/in-mich-trump-promises-to-eliminate-us-education-department</span></a></p>
Susan Larson ♀️🏳️🌈🏳️⚧️🌈<p>'<a href="https://mastodon.online/tags/DailyShow" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>DailyShow</span></a>' <a href="https://mastodon.online/tags/brutally" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>brutally</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.online/tags/mocks" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>mocks</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.online/tags/Trump" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Trump</span></a>'s attempt to make an '<a href="https://mastodon.online/tags/intellectual" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>intellectual</span></a>' <a href="https://mastodon.online/tags/speech" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>speech</span></a>, "Girl, you gotta move on."</p><p>The <a href="https://mastodon.online/tags/Republican" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Republican</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.online/tags/presidential" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>presidential</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.online/tags/candidate" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>candidate</span></a> spent his <br><a href="https://mastodon.online/tags/pressconference" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>pressconference</span></a>, <a href="https://mastodon.online/tags/waffling" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>waffling</span></a> on about <a href="https://mastodon.online/tags/President" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>President</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.online/tags/JoeBiden" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>JoeBiden</span></a>, <a href="https://mastodon.online/tags/VicePresident" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>VicePresident</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.online/tags/KamalaHarris" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>KamalaHarris</span></a>' laugh, and even <a href="https://mastodon.online/tags/FormerPresident" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>FormerPresident</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.online/tags/BarackObama" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>BarackObama</span></a>.</p><p><a href="https://mashable.com/video/daily-show-trump-intellectual-speech" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">mashable.com/video/daily-show-</span><span class="invisible">trump-intellectual-speech</span></a></p>
Nonilex<p>I would not consider <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/Gorsuch" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Gorsuch</span></a> nor the other <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/Conservative" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Conservative</span></a> *Justices* my peers. They do not represent any of my <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/political" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>political</span></a>, <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/moral" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>moral</span></a>, <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/cultural" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>cultural</span></a>, or <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/intellectual" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>intellectual</span></a> <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/values" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>values</span></a> at all. I also would not consider a Judge that goes & airs his opinion on <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/FOXNews" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>FOXNews</span></a>, like dirty laundry, <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/independent" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>independent</span></a> — not by any meaning of the word. Furthermore, the line “when the government’s coming after you,” betrays even more political <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/bias" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>bias</span></a>. </p><p><a href="https://masto.ai/tags/SCOTUS" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>SCOTUS</span></a> <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/law" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>law</span></a> <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/CourtReform" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>CourtReform</span></a> <a href="https://masto.ai/tags/SCOTUSreform" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>SCOTUSreform</span></a></p>
stoicmike<p><a href="https://zirk.us/tags/complicated" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>complicated</span></a> <a href="https://zirk.us/tags/thoughts" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>thoughts</span></a> <a href="https://zirk.us/tags/intellectual" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>intellectual</span></a></p>
Coach Pāṇini ®<p>The <a href="https://mastodon.world/tags/moral" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>moral</span></a> and <a href="https://mastodon.world/tags/intellectual" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>intellectual</span></a> value of <a href="https://mastodon.world/tags/shitposting" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>shitposting</span></a>:</p><p><a href="https://swellandcut.com/2022/03/03/the-merits-of-shitposting/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">swellandcut.com/2022/03/03/the</span><span class="invisible">-merits-of-shitposting/</span></a></p><p><a href="https://mastersofmedia.hum.uva.nl/blog/2017/09/24/shitposting-an-analysis-of-its-practices-and-meanings/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">mastersofmedia.hum.uva.nl/blog</span><span class="invisible">/2017/09/24/shitposting-an-analysis-of-its-practices-and-meanings/</span></a></p>
Coach Pāṇini ®<p>President Taft when informed of the death:</p><p>“<a href="https://mastodon.world/tags/MarkTwain" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>MarkTwain</span></a> gave pleasure -- real <a href="https://mastodon.world/tags/intellectual" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>intellectual</span></a> enjoyment -- to millions, and his works will continue to give such pleasure to millions yet to come. </p><p>“He never wrote a line that a father could not read to a daughter. </p><p>“His humor was <a href="https://mastodon.world/tags/American" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>American</span></a>, but he was nearly as much appreciated by Englishmen and people of other countries as by his own countrymen. </p><p>“He has made an enduring part of American <a href="https://mastodon.world/tags/literature" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>literature</span></a>." </p><p><a href="https://twain.lib.virginia.edu/sc_as_mt/obitap.html?t" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">twain.lib.virginia.edu/sc_as_m</span><span class="invisible">t/obitap.html?t</span></a></p><p><a href="https://mastodon.world/tags/history" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>history</span></a></p>
Chuck Darwin<p>One advantage Huawei had was the backing of its government. </p><p>US and European observers say China packs standards meetings with engineers who can be eyes and ears on the ground. </p><p>Rivals also complain that Chinese companies work together in lockstep; even ostensible competitors will set aside differences to support a compatriot business.</p><p>For a brief moment in the middle of 2016, it looked as if that national wall of support wouldn't hold. </p><p>In a preliminary round of the 5G New Radio standards process, the Chinese company <a href="https://c.im/tags/Lenovo" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Lenovo</span></a> expressed its preference for LDPC, because it was a more familiar technology. </p><p>That didn't last long. <br>Lenovo changed its opinion later that year. </p><p>Lenovo's founder, Liu Chuanzhi, called Ren Zhengfei to make sure that no offense was taken by the original stance. <br>Liu and other executives even drafted an open letter that read like a forced confession. </p><p>“We all agree that Chinese enterprises should be united and not be provoked by outsiders,” Liu and his colleagues wrote. “Stick to it … raise the banner of national industry, and finally defeat the international giants.”</p><p>Thus united behind polar codes, Chinese industry prepared to do battle at the final, critical stage<br>—the November 2016 engineering standards meetings held in Reno, Nevada. </p><p>The venue was the Peppermill resort and casino. Engineers, hunkered in hotel conference rooms arguing about block codes and channel capacity, had little time to enjoy the craps tables or eucalyptus steam rooms. </p><p>Simultaneous meetings to determine a number of standards kept engineers hopping from one conference room to the next, says Michael Thelander, a consultant specializing in wireless telecommunications. </p><p>“But polar coding versus LDPC, that was the hot topic,” he says.</p><p>On the night of Friday, November 18, the conference room was packed, and the meeting, which began in the evening, turned into a standoff. </p><p>Each company presented its work, including its testing results. </p><p>“The battle was pretty well drawn, with most of the Western vendors lining up behind LDPC,” says Kevin Krewell, a principal analyst at Tirias Research, who follows 5G. </p><p>Some Western companies backed polar codes too, but, significantly, all the Chinese companies did. </p><p>“There was no obvious winner in the whole game, but it was very clear that Huawei was not going to back down,” says Thelander, who was on the scene as an observer. </p><p>Neither would the LDPC side. “So we can sit there and spend six months fighting over this thing and delay 5G, or we compromise.”</p><p>So they did. <br>The standards committee split the signal-processing standard into two parts. </p><p>One technology could be used to send the <a href="https://c.im/tags/user" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>user</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/data" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>data</span></a>. </p><p>The other would be applied to what was known as the <a href="https://c.im/tags/control" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>control</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/channel" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>channel</span></a>, which manages how that data moves. </p><p>The first function was assigned to LDPC, and the second to polar codes. </p><p>It was well into the wee hours when the agreement was finalized.</p><p>Huawei was ecstatic. <br>But it was not just Huawei's win; it was China's too. <br>Finally, a Chinese company was getting respect commensurate with its increasingly dominant power in the marketplace. </p><p>“Huawei-backed polar code entering the 5G standard has a symbolic meaning,” one observer told a reporter at the time. </p><p>“This is the first time a Chinese company has entered a telecommunications framework agreement, winning the right to be heard.”</p><p>Qualcomm professes to be fine with the result. <br>“It was very important for Huawei to get something,” says its CEO, Steve Mollenkopf. </p><p>“Huawei is actually quite good. They are a formidable company. And I think that's one thing that people need to acknowledge.”</p><p> <a href="https://c.im/tags/standard" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>standard</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Reed" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Reed</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Hundt" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Hundt</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/3GPP" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>3GPP</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/5G" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>5G</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/New" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>New</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Radio" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Radio</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/standards" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>standards</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Qualcomm" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Qualcomm</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/LDPC" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LDPC</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Wen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Wen</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Tong" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Tong</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/5G" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>5G</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/patents" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>patents</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Ar%C4%B1kan" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Arıkan</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/polar" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>polar</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/codes" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>codes</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Alexander" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Alexander</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Vardy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Vardy</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Ido" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Ido</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Tal" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Tal</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Technion" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Technion</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Ren" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Ren</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Zhengfei" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Zhengfei</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Huawei" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Huawei</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Chinese" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Chinese</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/government" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>government</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/ZTE" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ZTE</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/stolen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>stolen</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/intellectual" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>intellectual</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/property" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>property</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Cisco" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Cisco</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Department" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Department</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Justice" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Justice</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Nortel" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Nortel</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/downloading" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>downloading</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/documents" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>documents</span></a></p>
Chuck Darwin<p>Reaching consensus on the parts of a mobile platform is complicated. Decisions have to be made about dozens of specifications for transmission speeds, radio frequencies, security architecture, and the like. </p><p>To make that happen, engineers gather in a series of meetings every year to choose which new technologies will be deemed <a href="https://c.im/tags/standard" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>standard</span></a> in the next generation.</p><p>The stakes are high: The companies that provide the fundamental technology for 5G will be embedded in a global communications system for years to come. </p><p>So in the background are financial, nationalistic, and even geopolitical considerations. </p><p>“From the year 2001 to the present—three administrations—not enough attention has been paid to this,” says <a href="https://c.im/tags/Reed" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Reed</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Hundt" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Hundt</span></a>, a former Federal Communications Commission chair during the Clinton administration. </p><p>Hundt is one of a number of current and former officials alarmed that the United States has no equivalent to Huawei<br>—that is, a major telecommunications company that both develops next-generation technology and builds it into equipment. </p><p>“In Europe, they have an Ericsson. <br>In Japan, they have companies. </p><p>And in China, they have not just Huawei but also ZTE. </p><p>But Huawei is the one that covers the whole range of products.” </p><p>All of this made Huawei's 5G standards bid an alarming prospect. </p><p>“Huawei's IP and standards are the wedge they intend to use to pry open the Western computing world,” Hundt says.</p><p>The body that develops 5G standards, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project ( <a href="https://c.im/tags/3GPP" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>3GPP</span></a> ), is an international umbrella organization of various telecommunications groups. </p><p>In 2016, it made a key decision on what was called <a href="https://c.im/tags/5G" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>5G</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/New" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>New</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Radio" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Radio</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/standards" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>standards</span></a><br>—the part that helped determine how data would be sent over 5G and how it would be checked for accuracy. </p><p>After spending millions, undergoing years of testing, and filing for multiple patents, Huawei was not going to pull punches at the critical juncture. It needed the certification of an official standard to cement its claim.</p><p>The problem was that reasonable people argued that other techniques would work just as well as polar codes to achieve error correction in the new framework. </p><p>Some suggested that a revamp of the current 4G protocol, turbo codes, would be sufficient. </p><p>Others, notably San Diego-based <a href="https://c.im/tags/Qualcomm" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Qualcomm</span></a>, which makes chipsets for mobile technology, liked a third option: <br>Robert Gallager's old <a href="https://c.im/tags/LDPC" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>LDPC</span></a> idea, the one that had nearly reached the Shannon limit and had inspired Arıkan on his own intellectual journey.</p><p>Since the early 1960s, when Gallager proposed LDPC, technology had improved and the cost of commercial production was no longer prohibitive. </p><p>Qualcomm's R&D team developed it for 5G. </p><p>Though Erdal Arıkan did not know it at the time, his work would be squared off against that of his mentor in a competition that involved billions of dollars and an international clash of reputations.</p><p> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Wen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Wen</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Tong" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Tong</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/5G" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>5G</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/patents" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>patents</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Ar%C4%B1kan" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Arıkan</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/polar" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>polar</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/codes" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>codes</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Alexander" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Alexander</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Vardy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Vardy</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Ido" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Ido</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Tal" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Tal</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Technion" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Technion</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Ren" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Ren</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Zhengfei" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Zhengfei</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Huawei" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Huawei</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Chinese" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Chinese</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/government" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>government</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/ZTE" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ZTE</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/stolen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>stolen</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/intellectual" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>intellectual</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/property" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>property</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Cisco" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Cisco</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Department" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Department</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Justice" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Justice</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Nortel" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Nortel</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/downloading" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>downloading</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/documents" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>documents</span></a></p>
Chuck Darwin<p>Today Huawei holds more than two-thirds of the polar code patent “families”<br>—10 times as many as its nearest competitor. </p><p>The general feeling in the field, Vardy said, was that Huawei “invested a lot of research time and effort into developing this idea.” </p><p>It seemed “all the other companies were at least a few years behind.”</p><p>But all that work and all those patents would be wasted if the technology didn't fit into the 5G platform. </p><p>“It has to be adopted by everybody,” Tong says. </p><p>“You have to convince the entire industry that this is good for 5G.”</p><p>If polar codes were to be the symbol of Huawei's superiority, there was one more hurdle:<br> “I had the responsibility,” Wen Tong says, “to make it a standard.”</p><p> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Wen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Wen</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Tong" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Tong</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/5G" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>5G</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/patents" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>patents</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Ar%C4%B1kan" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Arıkan</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/polar" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>polar</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/codes" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>codes</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Alexander" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Alexander</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Vardy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Vardy</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Ido" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Ido</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Tal" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Tal</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Technion" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Technion</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Ren" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Ren</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Zhengfei" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Zhengfei</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Huawei" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Huawei</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Chinese" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Chinese</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/government" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>government</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/ZTE" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ZTE</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/stolen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>stolen</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/intellectual" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>intellectual</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/property" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>property</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Cisco" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Cisco</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Department" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Department</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Justice" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Justice</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Nortel" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Nortel</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/downloading" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>downloading</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/documents" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>documents</span></a></p>
Chuck Darwin<p>In 2009, Nortel filed for bankruptcy. </p><p>It had failed to adapt, disappointed its customers, and was ill-prepared to respond to new Chinese competition. <br>And there was that hack. </p><p>Huawei seized the moment. </p><p>Nortel's most valuable asset was the unmatched talent in its Ottawa research lab, known as the Canadian equivalent of the legendary Bell Labs. </p><p>For years, Huawei had been building up its research capacity, trying to shed its reputation as a low-cost provider whose tech came from purloining the discoveries of others. It had a number of R&D labs around the world. </p><p>Now, with Nortel's demise, it could pursue a bigger prize than market share: <br>technical mastery. And respect.</p><p>The head of research at Nortel's lab in Ottawa, <a href="https://c.im/tags/Wen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Wen</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Tong" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Tong</span></a>, grew up in China and joined Nortel's wireless lab in 1995 after earning a doctorate at Concordia University in Montreal. </p><p>He had contributed to every generation of mobile technology and held 470 patents in the US. </p><p>If telecommunications companies staged a research scientist draft in 2009, Wen Tong would have been a first-round pick. </p><p>Now he was a free agent, and Google, Intel, and others courted him.</p><p>Tong picked Huawei. He wanted to keep his networking scientists together, and the team didn't want to leave Canada. </p><p>The Chinese company was happy to recruit the group and let them stay in place. </p><p>Huawei also promised them freedom to attack the signature challenge for networking science in the 21st century: <br>creating the infrastructure for <a href="https://c.im/tags/5G" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>5G</span></a>. </p><p>In this iteration of mobile platforms, billions of mobile devices would seamlessly connect to networks. It promised to transform the world in ways even the scientists could not imagine, and it would mean vast fortunes for those who produced the technology. </p><p>The race for <a href="https://c.im/tags/patents" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>patents</span></a> would be intense, a matter not only of profit but also national pride.</p><p>Not long after Tong joined Huawei, in 2009, a research paper came to his attention. </p><p>It was Erdal <a href="https://c.im/tags/Ar%C4%B1kan" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Arıkan</span></a>'s discovery of <a href="https://c.im/tags/polar" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>polar</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/codes" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>codes</span></a>. </p><p>Tong had helped produce the technology that provided the radio-transmission error correction for the current standard, known as turbo codes. </p><p>He thought the polar codes concept could be its replacement in 5G. </p><p>But the obstacles were considerable, and Tong originally couldn't interest his Canadian researchers in attacking the problem. </p><p>Then, in 2012, Huawei asked Tong to restructure its communications lab in China. <br>He took the opportunity to assign several smart young engineers to work on polar codes. </p><p>It involved the none-too-certain process of taking a mathematical theory and making it actually work in practical design, but they made progress and the team grew. </p><p>With each innovation, Huawei rushed to the patent office.</p><p>In 2013, Wen Tong asked Huawei's investment board for $600 million for 5G research. </p><p>“Very simple,” Tong says. “20 minutes, and they decided.” </p><p>The answer was yes, and a good deal of that money went into polar codes. </p><p>After Huawei came up with software that implemented the theory, the work shifted to testing and iterating. Eventually hundreds of engineers were involved.</p><p>Tong was not the only information scientist who had seen Arıkan's paper. <br><a href="https://c.im/tags/Alexander" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Alexander</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Vardy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Vardy</span></a> of the Jacobs School of Engineering at UC San Diego says the paper achieved “something that people were trying to do for 60 years.” </p><p>The challenge was that polar codes were not suited for 5G's short blocklengths<br>—the amount of 0s and 1s strung together. </p><p>Vardy and his postdoc, <a href="https://c.im/tags/Ido" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Ido</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Tal" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Tal</span></a> of the <a href="https://c.im/tags/Technion" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Technion</span></a>-Israel Institute of Technology, modified the error-correcting technology so it outperformed other state-of-the-art codes when applied to 5G's short blocklengths. </p><p>Vardy says he presented his findings in a conference in 2011. </p><p>“Huawei was there in the audience, and right after that they ran with it,” he says, seemingly without rancor. </p><p>(UC San Diego owns Vardy and Tal's patent and has licensed it to Samsung on a nonexclusive basis.)</p><p> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Ren" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Ren</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Zhengfei" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Zhengfei</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Huawei" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Huawei</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Chinese" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Chinese</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/government" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>government</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/ZTE" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ZTE</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/stolen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>stolen</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/intellectual" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>intellectual</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/property" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>property</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Cisco" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Cisco</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Department" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Department</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Justice" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Justice</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Nortel" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Nortel</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/downloading" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>downloading</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/documents" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>documents</span></a></p>
Chuck Darwin<p>IN 1987, AROUND the time Arıkan returned to Turkey, <a href="https://c.im/tags/Ren" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Ren</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Zhengfei" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Zhengfei</span></a>, a 44-year-old former military engineer, began a company that traded telecom equipment. </p><p>He called it <a href="https://c.im/tags/Huawei" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Huawei</span></a>, which translates roughly to “China has a promising future.” </p><p>Ren tried to distinguish his company by maintaining a fanatical devotion to customer service.</p><p>Frustrated with the unreliability of suppliers, Ren decided that Huawei would manufacture its own systems. Thus began a long process of building Huawei into a company that built and sold telecom equipment all along the chain, from base stations to handsets, and did so not only inside China but across the globe.</p><p>The rise of Huawei is painstakingly rendered in a small library of self-aggrandizing literature that the company publishes, including several volumes of quotes from its founder. </p><p>The theme of this opus is hard to miss, expressed in a variety of fighting analogies. In one such description, Tian Tao, the company's authorized Boswell, quotes Ren on how the company competed against the powerful international “elephants” that once dominated the field. </p><p>“Of course, Huawei is no match for an elephant, so it has to adopt the qualities of wolves: <br>a keen sense of smell, a strong competitive nature, a pack mentality, and a spirit of sacrifice.”</p><p>The hagiographies omit some key details about how the wolf got along. <br>For one, they dramatically underplay the role of the <a href="https://c.im/tags/Chinese" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Chinese</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/government" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>government</span></a>, which in the 1990s offered loans and other financial support, in addition to policies that favored Chinese telecom companies over foreign ones. </p><p>(In a rare moment of candor on this issue, Ren himself admitted in an interview that Huawei would not exist if not for government support.) </p><p>With the government behind them, Chinese companies like Huawei and its domestic rival <a href="https://c.im/tags/ZTE" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ZTE</span></a> came to dominate the national telecom equipment market. </p><p>Huawei had become the elephant.</p><p>Another subject one does not encounter in the company's library is the alleged use of <a href="https://c.im/tags/stolen" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>stolen</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/intellectual" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>intellectual</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/property" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>property</span></a>, <br>a charge the company denies. </p><p>“If you read the Western media about Huawei, you will find plenty of people who say that everything from Huawei was begged, borrowed, or stolen. And there is absolutely no truth in that,” says Brian Chamberlin, an executive adviser for Huawei's carrier group. </p><p>But in one notorious 2003 case, Huawei admitted using router software copied from <a href="https://c.im/tags/Cisco" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Cisco</span></a>, though it insisted the use was very limited, and the sides negotiated a settlement that was “mutually beneficial.” </p><p>More recently, in February, the US <a href="https://c.im/tags/Department" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Department</span></a> of <a href="https://c.im/tags/Justice" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Justice</span></a> filed a suit against the company charging it with “grow[ing] the worldwide business of Huawei … through the deliberate and repeated misappropriation of intellectual property.” </p><p>The indictment alleges Huawei has been engaging in these practices since at least 2000.</p><p>The Chinese government also provided support to help Huawei gain a foothold overseas, offering loans to customers that made Huawei's products more appealing. </p><p>One of Huawei's biggest foreign competitors was <a href="https://c.im/tags/Nortel" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Nortel</span></a>, the dominant North American telecom company based in Canada. </p><p>But Nortel's business was struggling just at a time when competition from Chinese products was intensifying. </p><p>Then, in 2004, a Nortel security specialist named Brian Shields discovered that computers based in China, using passwords of Nortel executives, had been <a href="https://c.im/tags/downloading" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>downloading</span></a> hundreds of <a href="https://c.im/tags/documents" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>documents</span></a> from the company. </p><p>“There's nothing they couldn't have gotten at,” Shields says. </p><p>Though no one ever publicly identified the hackers, and Ren denied any Huawei involvement, the episode added to the suspicion in the West that Huawei's success was not always achieved on the up and up.</p>
Chuck Darwin<p><a href="https://c.im/tags/Elon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Elon</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Musk" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Musk</span></a> sued <a href="https://c.im/tags/OpenAI" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>OpenAI</span></a> today, alleging a wide range of incendiary things, including that <a href="https://c.im/tags/GPT" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>GPT</span></a>-4 is actually an artificial general intelligence. <br>It’s a fun complaint to read; <br>it fundamentally accuses OpenAI and its CEO, Sam Altman, of pretending to run a nonprofit designed to benefit humanity while actually running a regular ol’ tech company ... and trying to make a lot of money. <br>That’s a pretty good criticism of the entire OpenAI situation, actually! <br>Someone with some <a href="https://c.im/tags/intellectual" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>intellectual</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/honesty" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>honesty</span></a> and a <a href="https://c.im/tags/competent" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>competent</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/lawyer" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>lawyer</span></a> should run at that sometime.<br>Sadly, Musk is not that person,<br>and his lawyers have figured out that letting the world’s richest man rack up billable hours filing nonsensical lawsuits is more lucrative than fitting the “facts” to the “law,” <br>or whatever it is regular lawyers do</p><p><a href="https://www.theverge.com/2024/3/1/24087937/elon-musk-suing-openai-nightmare-1l-contracts-exam" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">theverge.com/2024/3/1/24087937</span><span class="invisible">/elon-musk-suing-openai-nightmare-1l-contracts-exam</span></a></p>
Coach Pāṇini ®<p>“The more pressure people feel to have an <a href="https://mastodon.world/tags/opinion" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>opinion</span></a> on every subject, the more <a href="https://mastodon.world/tags/ChauffeurKnowledge" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ChauffeurKnowledge</span></a> there will be. </p><p>“In that state of <a href="https://mastodon.world/tags/intellectual" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>intellectual</span></a> insecurity, people rush to judgment. </p><p>“When they do, they abandon the <a href="https://mastodon.world/tags/philosophical" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>philosophical</span></a> mode of thinking. In turn, they become slaves to fashionable ideas and blind to unconscious <a href="https://mastodon.world/tags/assumptions" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>assumptions</span></a>.”</p><p><a href="https://mastodon.world/tags/DavidPerell" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>DavidPerell</span></a> <a href="https://perell.com/essay/how-philosophers-think/" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">perell.com/essay/how-philosoph</span><span class="invisible">ers-think/</span></a></p>
Coach Pāṇini ®<p>“Although the French government was an absolute monarchy and, in theory, a foe of democracy, many French intellectuals had high democratic ideals and were what we would today call ‘leftists.’ The American Revolution was, in its time, supported by leftists everywhere.”</p><p><a href="https://mastodon.world/tags/BirthOfTheUnitedStates" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>BirthOfTheUnitedStates</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.world/tags/IsaacAsimov" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>IsaacAsimov</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.world/tags/American" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>American</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.world/tags/intellectual" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>intellectual</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.world/tags/leftist" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>leftist</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.world/tags/democracy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>democracy</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.world/tags/WideAwakes" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>WideAwakes</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.world/tags/history" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>history</span></a></p>
Matt Willemsen<p>The curious joy of being wrong—intellectual humility means being open to new information and willing to change your mind<br><a href="https://phys.org/news/2023-12-curious-joy-wrongintellectual-humility-mind.html" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">phys.org/news/2023-12-curious-</span><span class="invisible">joy-wrongintellectual-humility-mind.html</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/psychology" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>psychology</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/intellectual" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>intellectual</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/humility" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>humility</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/question" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>question</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/dogmatism" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>dogmatism</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/OpenMinded" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>OpenMinded</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/curious" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>curious</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/realistic" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>realistic</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/teachable" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>teachable</span></a></p>
stoicmike<p><a href="https://zirk.us/tags/intellectual" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>intellectual</span></a> <a href="https://zirk.us/tags/complicated" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>complicated</span></a> <a href="https://zirk.us/tags/OverThinking" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>OverThinking</span></a></p>
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