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#westphalianpeacecongress

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Early Modern Diplomacy<p><span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://a.gup.pe/u/histodons" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>histodons</span></a></span> <span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://a.gup.pe/u/historikerinnen" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>historikerinnen</span></a></span> <span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://a.gup.pe/u/earlymodern" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>earlymodern</span></a></span> </p><p>Bechtold is writing his PhD thesis on English diplomats at Imperial diets in the 16th cent. Braun is professor for modern history in Mulhouse. He published extensively on <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/emdiplomacy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>emdiplomacy</span></a> and <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/peacemaking" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>peacemaking</span></a>. He also edited a volume of the French correspondences from the <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/WestphalianPeaceCongress" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>WestphalianPeaceCongress</span></a> for the APW. More recently, his attention turned from <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/earlymodern" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>earlymodern</span></a> <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/peacecongresses" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>peacecongresses</span></a> to the perpetual Imperial diet. </p><p>So, who could be better than these two to write the <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/handbook" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>handbook</span></a> article on diets al diplomatic spheres! (3/7) </p><p><a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/HRR" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HRR</span></a> <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/PerpetualDiet" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>PerpetualDiet</span></a> <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/earlymodernDiet" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>earlymodernDiet</span></a> <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/earlymodern" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>earlymodern</span></a></p>
Early Modern Diplomacy<p><span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://a.gup.pe/u/earlymodern" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>earlymodern</span></a></span> <span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://historians.social/@womenknowhistory" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>womenknowhistory</span></a></span> <span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://a.gup.pe/u/historikerinnen" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>historikerinnen</span></a></span> <span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://a.gup.pe/u/histodons" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>histodons</span></a></span> </p><p>She sees two reasons for this: the temporality of <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/earlymodern" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>earlymodern</span></a> <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/peacecongresses" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>peacecongresses</span></a> (<a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/negotiations" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>negotiations</span></a> could last between a few weeks &amp; years) &amp; the lack of a centre, which at courts was the prince, so that procedures, ceremonies etc had to be agreed upon anew for each congress. This is one of the reasons why especially the <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/WestphalianPeaceCongress" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>WestphalianPeaceCongress</span></a> took so long. There was no generally accepted precedence, thus one had first to negotiate how to negotiate. For the later congresses it was a bit easier, here <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/Westphalia" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Westphalia</span></a> was used as an example – however, not always as a positive one, but also, as a way how not to do it. (4/6) </p><p><a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/emdiplomacy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>emdiplomacy</span></a> <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/diplomacy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>diplomacy</span></a> <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/peacemaking" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>peacemaking</span></a> <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/peace" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>peace</span></a></p>
Early Modern Diplomacy<p><span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://a.gup.pe/u/earlymodern" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>earlymodern</span></a></span> <span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://historians.social/@womenknowhistory" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>womenknowhistory</span></a></span> <span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://a.gup.pe/u/historikerinnen" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>historikerinnen</span></a></span> <span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://a.gup.pe/u/histodons" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>histodons</span></a></span> </p><p><a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/Peacecongresses" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Peacecongresses</span></a> are a phenomenon that developed strongly in the 17th century and their function changed over time. However, research still focuses mainly on the <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/WestphalianPeaceCongress" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>WestphalianPeaceCongress</span></a>, which overshadows all others until the <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/Congress" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Congress</span></a> of <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/Vienna" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Vienna</span></a> in 1815. <br>So far, <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/congresses" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>congresses</span></a> as spheres of <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/emdiplomacy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>emdiplomacy</span></a> have received little attention in research. Oetzel argues that they differed in many ways from other <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/diplomatic" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>diplomatic</span></a> activities which were usually carried out in a courtly environment. </p><p>(3/6)</p>
Early Modern Diplomacy<p><span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://a.gup.pe/u/earlymodern" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>earlymodern</span></a></span> <span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://historians.social/@womenknowhistory" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>womenknowhistory</span></a></span> <span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://a.gup.pe/u/historikerinnen" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>historikerinnen</span></a></span> <span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://a.gup.pe/u/histodons" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>histodons</span></a></span> </p><p>Today, we want to introduce you to one of our editors: <span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://historians.social/@LenaOetzel" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>LenaOetzel</span></a></span> She just completed her habilitation on the <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/WestphalianPeaceCongress" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>WestphalianPeaceCongress</span></a> and is now preparing the book for publication, so stay tuned! </p><p>For the <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/handbook" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>handbook</span></a>, she summarises her extensive expertise on <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/earlymodern" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>earlymodern</span></a> <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/peace" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>peace</span></a> <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/congresses" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>congresses</span></a> as spheres of <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/diplomacy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>diplomacy</span></a> in an article. (2/6)</p>
Early Modern Diplomacy<p><span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://a.gup.pe/u/earlymodern" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>earlymodern</span></a></span> <span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://a.gup.pe/u/histodons" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>histodons</span></a></span> <span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://a.gup.pe/u/historikerinnen" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>historikerinnen</span></a></span> </p><p>We are back from our holiday break with more <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/emdiplomacy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>emdiplomacy</span></a> content!<br>Today, it’s time to introduce Alexander Gerber! He is managing director at the center of historical peace research at the university of Bonn, the place where the documents of the Westphalian <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/peacecongress" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>peacecongress</span></a> are edited. Gerber also writes his PhD on the ceremonial and procedures of the Imperial estates at the <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/Westphalianpeacecongress" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Westphalianpeacecongress</span></a>.<br>Thus, it is not surprising, that for <span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://hcommons.social/@emdiplomacy" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>emdiplomacy</span></a></span> Gerber is looking at towns and cities as sphere of <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/earlymodern" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>earlymodern</span></a> <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/diplomacy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>diplomacy</span></a>. (2/6)</p><p><a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/earlymodern" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>earlymodern</span></a> <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/EarlyModernEurope" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>EarlyModernEurope</span></a> <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/history" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>history</span></a></p>
Early Modern Diplomacy<p><a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/emdiplomat" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>emdiplomat</span></a> of the day: Fabio Chigi (1599-1667) </p><p> </p><p>Home of the clouds, so I called you, <br>The ornament of Westphalia (without hurting you) <br>I want to say gently... </p><p>This is how Fabio Chigi’s <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/poem" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>poem</span></a> about the rain in the city of <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/M%C3%BCnster" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Münster</span></a> begins where Chigi stayed during the <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/WestphalianPeaceCongress" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>WestphalianPeaceCongress</span></a> in which he participated as papal mediator. (1/4) </p><p><a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/emdiplomacy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>emdiplomacy</span></a> <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/HistoricalPeaceStudies" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>HistoricalPeaceStudies</span></a> <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/NewDiplomaticHistory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>NewDiplomaticHistory</span></a> <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/history" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>history</span></a> <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/earlymodern" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>earlymodern</span></a> <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/histodons" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>histodons</span></a> <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/PoemOfTheDay" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>PoemOfTheDay</span></a> <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/adventCalendar" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>adventCalendar</span></a> <a href="https://hcommons.social/tags/adventCalendar2024" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>adventCalendar2024</span></a> </p><p><span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://a.gup.pe/u/histodons" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>histodons</span></a></span> <span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://a.gup.pe/u/historikerinnen" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>historikerinnen</span></a></span> <span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://a.gup.pe/u/earlymodern" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>earlymodern</span></a></span></p>