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#Realtek

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Kevin Karhan :verified:<p><span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://mastodon.social/@stman" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>stman</span></a></span> <span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://fedi.sillykittens.net/@k4m1" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>k4m1</span></a></span> yeah, <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/Realtek" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Realtek</span></a>-NICs were never known for granular controls. They don't even do basic packet filtering themselves but expect the OS to do so in Software only...</p><ul><li><a href="https://infosec.space/@kkarhan/114392865086376647" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">AFAICS</a> it's design goal was to be cheap to integrate both in (embedded) hardware and software and deal with stuff like autonegotiation and the like on it's own and otherwise be as transparent as possible for a low end device...</li></ul><p>It's like a 10¢ chip on a €30 mainboard in a €199 prebuilt Desktop in 2006.</p>
Kevin Karhan :verified:<p><span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://fedi.sillykittens.net/@k4m1" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>k4m1</span></a></span> <span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://mastodon.social/@stman" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>stman</span></a></span> yeah, according to <a href="http://realtek.info/pdf/rtl8139cp.pdf" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">the</a> <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/RTL8139" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>RTL8139</span></a> <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/datasheet" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>datasheet</span></a> this is basically a very cheap 10/100M NIC designed <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/embedded" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>embedded</span></a> systems and low-end/low-cost desktops, and for a device designed and sold in 2006 it made sense, given back then <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/Gigabit" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Gigabit</span></a>-<a href="https://infosec.space/tags/Ethernet" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Ethernet</span></a> and Cat.5 cabling was considered high-end.</p><ul><li>And unlike contemporary / successor chips by <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/Intel" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Intel</span></a> like the famous <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/i210" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>i210</span></a> (which is still offered as <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/i219" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>i219</span></a> but mostly succeeded by the <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/i225" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>i225</span></a> as a 2,5GBase-T version) is way cheaper, which pre-<a href="https://infosec.space/tags/RoHS" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>RoHS</span></a> - NICs being sold for like € 10 <em>retail &amp; brand-new</em>....</li></ul><p>The <a href="https://wiki.osdev.org/RTL8139" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">few issues known</a> only affect like <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/Virtualization" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Virtualization</span></a> setups, a market this thing was never designed for (most likely also never tested against).</p><ul><li>I'd not he surprised if a lot of cheap <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/ThinClients" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ThinClients</span></a> and other systems used these NICs because of the simplicity of integration, being a cheap 3,3V single-chip (+auxilliary electronics) solution and propably costling less than 10¢ on a reel of 10.000.</li></ul><p>It's the reason why to this day we see <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/Realtek" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Realtek</span></a> NICs being shipped instead of fanning-out &amp; enabling <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/SoC" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>SoC</span></a>-integrated NICs with a <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/MAC" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>MAC</span></a> &amp; <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/PHY" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>PHY</span></a> instead: Because the auxilliary parts for those are more expensive than just getting a PCI(e lane) somewhere and plonking it down.</p><ul><li>Maybe there have even been some really cheap, low-end <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/Routers" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Routers</span></a> / <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/Firewalls" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Firewalls</span></a> aiming at <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/SoHo" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>SoHo</span></a> customers back in those days, cuz back then 16MBit/s <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/ADSL2" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ADSL2</span></a> was considered fast, and Realtek's NICs up until recently only delivered like 60-75% of the max. speed advertised, so by the time someone would notice, that gearvwould've been EoL'd anyway and those who did notice right-away never were the target audience to begin with.</li></ul><p>Most modern NICs are more complex and demand more configuration / driver support...</p>
Stéphan Kochen<p>Wanted to try get an upstream Linux kernel booting on a <a href="https://hachyderm.io/tags/Synology" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Synology</span></a> DS118 (<a href="https://hachyderm.io/tags/Realtek" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Realtek</span></a> RTD1296 SoC), but not having much luck. Not even seeing any earlycon output so far. 😕</p><p>Some patches for a DS418 (very similar board) seem to have made it upstream, but I wonder if platform support is just incomplete or something.</p>
Kevin Karhan :verified:<p><span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://social.treehouse.systems/@marcan" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>marcan</span></a></span> <em>nodds in agreement</em> <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/Apple" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Apple</span></a> doesn't need to have backdoors in Hardware when their entire <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/iCould" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>iCould</span></a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ev9_oDHNf-4" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">is</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r38Epj6ldKU" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">backdoored</a> and can be <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ifOifNBgyRg" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">weaponized</a> to <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZzS2vwDUO9U" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">brick devices</a>.</p><ul><li>OFC similar functionality can be achieved with <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/CompuTrace" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>CompuTrace</span></a> on <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/amd64" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>amd64</span></a>-based <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/Laptops" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Laptops</span></a> (i.e. <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/ThinkPads" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ThinkPads</span></a>) and compared to that, <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/AMT" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AMT</span></a> + <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/ManagmentEngine" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>ManagmentEngine</span></a> is trivial to <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/exploit" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>exploit</span></a> and should be considered real <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/backdoors" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>backdoors</span></a> (abeit <em>"well meaning"</em> in the sense of remote provisioning of entire fleets of devices, but still allowing to bypass the OS and offering DMA access to the CPU, so basically <em>"<a href="https://infosec.space/tags/pwned" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>pwned</span></a>"</em>)...</li></ul><p>Either way, these are not inherent to the used <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/Silicon" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Silicon</span></a>, but entirely <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/Firmware" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Firmware</span></a>-based.</p><ul><li>AMT for example requires a <em>"<a href="https://infosec.space/tags/Intel" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Intel</span></a> <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/vPro" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>vPro</span></a>"</em> configuration with Intel-made Ethernet NICs (i.e. i2xx &amp; i3xx - Series) with a Q- or C-series Chipset &amp; supporting <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/UEFI" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>UEFI</span></a>, so most Systems with cheap <a href="https://infosec.space/tags/Realtek" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Realtek</span></a>-NICs aren't exploitable straight-away, and even then it requires certain settings to work, so not an easy <em>"<a href="https://infosec.space/tags/Pwn2Own" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Pwn2Own</span></a>"</em> style exploitability...</li></ul>
IT News<p>Smart TV industry rocked by alleged patent conspiracy from chipmaker - Enlarge (credit: Anadolu Agency / Contributor | Anadolu) </p><p>Durin... - <a href="https://arstechnica.com/?p=1946488" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="">arstechnica.com/?p=1946488</span><span class="invisible"></span></a> <a href="https://schleuss.online/tags/semiconductor" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>semiconductor</span></a> <a href="https://schleuss.online/tags/patenttrolls" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>patenttrolls</span></a> <a href="https://schleuss.online/tags/mediatek" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>mediatek</span></a> <a href="https://schleuss.online/tags/smarttvs" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>smarttvs</span></a> <a href="https://schleuss.online/tags/realtek" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>realtek</span></a> <a href="https://schleuss.online/tags/policy" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>policy</span></a> <a href="https://schleuss.online/tags/chips" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>chips</span></a></p>
Kevin Karhan :verified:<p><span class="h-card"><a href="https://mstdn.social/@pmdj" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">@<span>pmdj</span></a></span> Unless you need hardware-accelerated packet filtering, You may want to take a look at <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/Realtek" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>Realtek</span></a> <a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/RTL881x" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>RTL881x</span></a> USB WiFi chips.<br><a href="https://www.varia-store.com/en/produkt/396021-awus036acs-802-11ac-wlan-usb-adapter.html" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">varia-store.com/en/produkt/396</span><span class="invisible">021-awus036acs-802-11ac-wlan-usb-adapter.html</span></a></p><p><a href="https://mstdn.social/tags/AlfaNetworks" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank">#<span>AlfaNetworks</span></a> makes several of those with RP-SMA connectors and even a MIniPCIe card with 4 U.FL connectors on top.<br><a href="https://www.varia-store.com/en/produkt/189847-awpcie-1900u-802-11ac-ac1900-usb-mini-pcie-adapter.html" rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">varia-store.com/en/produkt/189</span><span class="invisible">847-awpcie-1900u-802-11ac-ac1900-usb-mini-pcie-adapter.html</span></a></p>