Joseph Meyer<p>Pattern Recognition </p><p>Daniel Dennett, Douglas Hofstadter, and Stanislas Dehaene have all written about the human brain and our vision relying on the geometric shapes of faces, and maybe other body parts and clothing styles, to recognize people we know from various angles and distances. In other words, we do not rely on what could be a nearly infinite number of exact images stored like photographs in the mind. Dennett and Hofstadter also wrote of artificial intelligence (AI) robotic systems equipped with video cameras relying on a similar approach to recognize cubes, pyramids, and cylinders in a room. I am impressed with technology when it works well and just remembered a similar experience as a do-it-yourselfer. There is, or was, an online appliance parts store with a user interface that first asked the shopper the category (e.g., washer, dryer) of the appliance and the brand. Then it asked just a couple more questions about the primary material of the part (e.g., metal, plastic) and its longest dimension. With just that information, the vendor’s system was able to present a short list with photographs of parts that fit the description. In my case, I was able to purchase a new latch for a dryer door. Brilliant design. </p><p><a href="https://c.im/tags/Neuroscience" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Neuroscience</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Cognition" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Cognition</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Brain" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Brain</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/AI" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>AI</span></a> <br><a href="https://c.im/tags/DoItYourself" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>DoItYourself</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Repair" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Repair</span></a></p>
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11 posts · 11 participants · 1 post today
Colan Schwartz<p>Your Brain on ChatGPT: Accumulation of Cognitive Debt when Using an AI Assistant for Essay Writing Task<br><a href="https://www.media.mit.edu/publications/your-brain-on-chatgpt/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">media.mit.edu/publications/you</span><span class="invisible">r-brain-on-chatgpt/</span></a><br><a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/chatgpt" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>chatgpt</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/llms" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>llms</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/cognition" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>cognition</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/ai" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>ai</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/llm" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>llm</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/psychology" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>psychology</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/Brain" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Brain</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/education" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>education</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/highered" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>highered</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/research" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>research</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/Writing" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Writing</span></a></p>
Daniel Hoffmann🌻<p>Fatal genetic disease leading to faulty immune cells and devastating changes in the <a href="https://mathstodon.xyz/tags/brain" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>brain</span></a> can be effectively treated with bone marrow transplant based therapy. Proof in mouse model and patients. Progress, baby!<br><a href="https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/science.adz0113?af=R" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">science.org/doi/full/10.1126/s</span><span class="invisible">cience.adz0113?af=R</span></a></p>
Robert Roy Britt<p>You might've heard adults can't grow new neurons. Or you might've heard we can. Such has been the state of science on this question. New research offers some of the most solid evidence yet that neurogenesis occurs in adult humans, but to what extent we still don't know. Further research could lead to treatments for dementia and other neurodegenerative diseases.</p><p><a href="https://medium.com/wise-well/can-you-grow-new-brain-cells-59d4a7adf5fb" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">medium.com/wise-well/can-you-g</span><span class="invisible">row-new-brain-cells-59d4a7adf5fb</span></a> </p><p><a href="https://me.dm/tags/neuroscience" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>neuroscience</span></a> <a href="https://me.dm/tags/brain" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>brain</span></a> <a href="https://me.dm/tags/science" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>science</span></a></p>
datum (n=1)<p>More evidence of brain damage from mild COVID-19. Previous studies tested metabolic or electrical activity separately; this one tested both together.</p><p>They found <em>both lower metabolism **and</em>* slower neuron firing in the same brain areas* of people with Long COVID.</p><blockquote><p>significant hypometabolism in the bilateral frontal, temporal, and parietal lobes, as well as in the left occipital lobe, along with predominantly frontal EEG slowing in post-COVID-19 patients compared to healthy controls</p></blockquote><p>the functional impact on memory was very strong:</p><blockquote><p>a high incidence of subjective memory decline: 52.9% of post-COVID-19 patients scored more than 1.5 standard deviations [worse than] the normative sample on both the prospective and retrospective memory scales.</p></blockquote><p>1.5 standard deviations is <em>HUGE</em>. That means that in a room of 101 people, lined up from best to worst memory, if person 51 in the middle gets Long COVID, they would expect to end up with the 7th worst memory in the room. <em>From literally average to under the bottom 10%!</em></p><blockquote><p>Both hypometabolism and changes in spectral power are indicators of underlying neuronal stress or damage</p></blockquote><p><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-025-04815-6" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">nature.com/articles/s41598-025</span><span class="invisible">-04815-6</span></a></p><p>discussed by:<br><a href="https://mastodon.social/@MEActNOW/114785060877455028" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">mastodon.social/@MEActNOW/1147</span><span class="invisible">85060877455028</span></a><br><a href="https://kolektiva.social/@anarchademic/114797316431201508" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">kolektiva.social/@anarchademic</span><span class="invisible">/114797316431201508</span></a><br><a href="https://disabled.social/@tomkindlon/114815026573559502" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">disabled.social/@tomkindlon/11</span><span class="invisible">4815026573559502</span></a><br><a href="https://mastodonapp.uk/@PaulSchleifer/114797897931610492" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="ellipsis">mastodonapp.uk/@PaulSchleifer/</span><span class="invisible">114797897931610492</span></a></p><p><a href="https://zeroes.ca/tags/COVID19" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>COVID19</span></a> <a href="https://zeroes.ca/tags/COVID" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>COVID</span></a> <a href="https://zeroes.ca/tags/SARSCoV2" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>SARSCoV2</span></a> <a href="https://zeroes.ca/tags/CovidIsNotOver" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>CovidIsNotOver</span></a> <a href="https://zeroes.ca/tags/brain" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>brain</span></a></p>
🧿🪬🍄🌈🎮💻🚲🥓🎃💀🏴🛻🇺🇸<p>> One striking theme involved genes that guide how distant <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/brain" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>brain</span></a> regions talk to each other. Visual-processing circuits appeared to run hotter, while the so-called default mode network, linked to daydreaming and social reflection, ran cooler. Those connectivity signatures match traits many <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/autistic" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>autistic</span></a> individuals report – keen pattern recognition alongside social fatigue.</p><p><a href="https://www.earth.com/news/scientists-link-autism-to-neanderthal-dna-genetic-variants-found-in-modern-humans/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">earth.com/news/scientists-link</span><span class="invisible">-autism-to-neanderthal-dna-genetic-variants-found-in-modern-humans/</span></a></p><p><a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/neurodivergent" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>neurodivergent</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/AuDHD" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>AuDHD</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/neurology" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>neurology</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/science" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>science</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/socialAnxiety" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>socialAnxiety</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/autism" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>autism</span></a></p>
PLOS Biology<p>Electrical <a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/BrainStimulation" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>BrainStimulation</span></a> can be used to modulate <a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/brain" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>brain</span></a> activity but how does it affect the <a href="https://fediscience.org/tags/CorticalLayers" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>CorticalLayers</span></a>? This study shows that only the deeper layers show phase-dependent changes in local field potential components upon electrical stimulation <span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://fediscience.org/@PLOSBiology" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">@<span>PLOSBiology</span></a></span> <a href="https://plos.io/406W3i5" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="">plos.io/406W3i5</span><span class="invisible"></span></a></p>
Joseph Meyer<p>“The Dark Energy of the Brain</p><p>Recognizing a face, making a decision, reading, calculating, speaking—the surface of our two [brain] hemispheres is covered with regions specialized for all our daily life activities. But what happens when we relax and let our mind wander without thinking about anything in particular? Is it really possible to think of nothing? Does the brain ever stop working? Not only does the brain never take a break, but its spontaneous activity at rest is responsible for most of its energy consumption. The famous stimulus-response chains dear to Pavlov and the behaviorists make up only 2 percent of the consumption of the cortex. All the rest corresponds to the maintenance of our inner world—minding the billions of neurons and synapses that store our memories and secret thoughts. Even in sensory areas, the dominant signals arise from within. Everything that we experience and that we judge important, our brain spontaneously relives and replays, sometimes dozens of times, within our inner world.” - from Seeing The Mind by Stanislas Dehaene (2023)</p><p><a href="https://c.im/tags/Neuroscience" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Neuroscience</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Brain" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Brain</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Consciousness" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Consciousness</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Dehaene" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Dehaene</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Psychology" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Psychology</span></a> <a href="https://c.im/tags/Science" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Science</span></a></p>
michael<p>Murderland by Caroline Fraser review – what was behind the 1970s serial killer epidemic?<br>A compulsive new history suggests the crimes of Ted Bundy et al were – at least partly – down to the air they breathed </p><p>maybe a bit speculative, but part of a wider trend finding connections between <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/airPollution" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>airPollution</span></a> and the <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/brain" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>brain</span></a> </p><p><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2025/jul/01/murderland-by-caroline-fraser-review-what-was-behind-the-1970s-serial-killer-epidemic" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">theguardian.com/books/2025/jul</span><span class="invisible">/01/murderland-by-caroline-fraser-review-what-was-behind-the-1970s-serial-killer-epidemic</span></a> </p><p><a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/science" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>science</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/environment" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>environment</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/pollution" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>pollution</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/neuroscience" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>neuroscience</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/crime" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>crime</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/bookreview" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>bookreview</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.social/tags/newbooks" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>newbooks</span></a></p>
Europe Says<p><a href="https://www.europesays.com/2224873/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="">europesays.com/2224873/</span><span class="invisible"></span></a> How extreme heat can take a toll on the body and mind <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/america" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>america</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/Anxiety" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Anxiety</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/BipolarDisorder" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>BipolarDisorder</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/brain" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>brain</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/Breathing" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Breathing</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/depression" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>depression</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/Entertainment" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Entertainment</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/ExtremeHeat" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>ExtremeHeat</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/health" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>health</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/heartbeat" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>heartbeat</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/impulsivity" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>impulsivity</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/irritable" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>irritable</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/isolation" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>isolation</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/sports" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>sports</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/UnitedStates" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>UnitedStates</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/UnitedStatesOfAmerica" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>UnitedStatesOfAmerica</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/US" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>US</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/USA" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>USA</span></a></p>
Holly<p>Scientists Reverse Parkinson’s Symptoms in Mice: ‘We were astonished by the success’ </p><p><a href="https://www.goodnewsnetwork.org/scientists-reverse-parkinsons-symptoms-in-mice-we-were-astonished-by-the-success/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">goodnewsnetwork.org/scientists</span><span class="invisible">-reverse-parkinsons-symptoms-in-mice-we-were-astonished-by-the-success/</span></a> </p><p><a href="https://universeodon.com/tags/goodnews" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>goodnews</span></a> <a href="https://universeodon.com/tags/science" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>science</span></a> <a href="https://universeodon.com/tags/health" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>health</span></a> <a href="https://universeodon.com/tags/brain" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>brain</span></a> <a href="https://universeodon.com/tags/parkinsons" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>parkinsons</span></a> <a href="https://universeodon.com/tags/research" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>research</span></a> <a href="https://universeodon.com/tags/Australia" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Australia</span></a></p>
MichelaL’elefante non è solo un gigante della savana.<br>
È memoria che cammina, è affetto che si tramanda.<br>
Un essere sociale, sensibile, dotato di una mente che ci somiglia più di quanto crediamo.<br>
<br>
Link nei commenti.<br>
<br>
🌺<br>
<br>
The elephant is not just a giant of the savannah.<br>
It’s walking memory, inherited affection.<br>
A social, sensitive being, with a mind surprisingly close to ours.<br>
<br>
Link in comments.<br>
<br>
<a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/elefanti?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#elefanti</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/neuroscienze?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#neuroscienze</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/animali?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#animali</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/etologia?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#etologia</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/memoria?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#memoria</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/cervello?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#cervello</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/africa?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#africa</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/intelligenzaanimale?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#intelligenzaanimale</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/elephants?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#elephants</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/brain?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#brain</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/science?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#science</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/empathy?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#empathy</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/animals?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#animals</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/ethology?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#ethology</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/memory?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#memory</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/animalintelligence?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#animalintelligence</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/scienza?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#scienza</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/empatia?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#empatia</a> <a href="https://pixelfed.social/discover/tags/michiyospace?src=hash" class="u-url hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#michiyospace</a>
Steve's Place<p>An educated populace, being essential to democracy, is being decimated by the billionaires who are exhibiting their fondness for fascism more with each passing moment.</p><p>This is very bad.</p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H3_6sRXr16M" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">youtube.com/watch?v=H3_6sRXr16</span><span class="invisible">M</span></a></p><p><a href="https://mastodon.stevesworld.co/tags/AI" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>AI</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.stevesworld.co/tags/brain" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>brain</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.stevesworld.co/tags/education" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>education</span></a></p>
Flipboard Science Desk<p>New research may have unearthed a therapeutic strategy in the fight against Alzheimer’s. Read more from <span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://flipboard.com/@ScienceAlert" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">@<span>ScienceAlert</span></a></span>:</p><p><a href="https://flip.it/mIGa6Z" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="">flip.it/mIGa6Z</span><span class="invisible"></span></a></p><p><a href="https://flipboard.social/tags/Science" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Science</span></a> <a href="https://flipboard.social/tags/Brain" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Brain</span></a> <a href="https://flipboard.social/tags/Health" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Health</span></a> <a href="https://flipboard.social/tags/Alzheimers" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Alzheimers</span></a> <a href="https://flipboard.social/tags/Neurology" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Neurology</span></a></p>
Rowan Brad Quni<p>"[the] concept of binding by synchrony in the <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/brain" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>brain</span></a> is strikingly analogous to how pattern stability is understood in the frequency-centric view of a process ontology"</p><p>The Mass-Frequency Identity (m=ω) Matter, Energy, Information, and Consciousness as a Unified Process Ontology of Reality. Available from: <a href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/393414374_The_Mass-Frequency_Identity_mo_Matter_Energy_Information_and_Consciousness_as_a_Unified_Process_Ontology_of_Reality" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="ellipsis">researchgate.net/publication/3</span><span class="invisible">93414374_The_Mass-Frequency_Identity_mo_Matter_Energy_Information_and_Consciousness_as_a_Unified_Process_Ontology_of_Reality</span></a></p><p><a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/science" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>science</span></a> <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/physics" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>physics</span></a> <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/nature" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>nature</span></a> <a href="https://mstdn.science/tags/psychology" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>psychology</span></a></p>
NFL News<p>Football headers trigger motor control changes in women <a href="https://www.rawchili.com/nfl/180413/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="">rawchili.com/nfl/180413/</span><span class="invisible"></span></a> <a href="https://channels.im/tags/brain" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>brain</span></a> <a href="https://channels.im/tags/concussion" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>concussion</span></a> <a href="https://channels.im/tags/Football" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Football</span></a> <a href="https://channels.im/tags/Frequency" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Frequency</span></a> <a href="https://channels.im/tags/NeurodegenerativeDiseases" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>NeurodegenerativeDiseases</span></a> <a href="https://channels.im/tags/Research" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Research</span></a> <a href="https://channels.im/tags/Tremor" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Tremor</span></a></p>
neuronerd<p><strong>How does air pollution impact your brain?</strong></p><p><em>Image credit: </em><a href="http://instagram.com/ionut.stefan.92ish" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">Ionut Stefan</a></p><p>We’ve known for some time that air pollution is bad for human health. However, the focus was mostly on the lungs, and to some extent, the heart. After all, airborne pollutants are inhaled through the lungs and can reach the heart through the bloodstream, so it’s not surprising these take the brunt of the damage. But somewhere along the way, it became somewhat mainstream to consider how air pollution might affects brains too.</p><p>What I found surprising was the recency of that acknowledgement. Isolated studies of air pollution effects on brain health go back earlier, but serious consideration of the matter started only around the 2010s. As an example, <a href="https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/people/112358303-deborah-a-slechta" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">Deborah Cory-Slechta</a>, now a prominent researcher in this field, began focusing on its impact on the brain only in <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-025-00053-y" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">2012</a>. And air pollution was added as a risk for dementia as late as <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30367-6" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">2020</a> (remember 2020?). Despite mounting evidence of widespread negative effects, air pollution is still everywhere, with the World Health Organization <a href="https://www.who.int/news/item/04-04-2022-billions-of-people-still-breathe-unhealthy-air-new-who-data" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">estimating</a> that 99% of the world’s population is exposed to higher than recommended levels. I’ll say it again: 99% of the entire population of the world is exposed to levels of air pollution higher than the recommended limits.</p><p>But let’s start from the beginning. What do we mean when we say air pollution? Which brain disorders has it been linked to and why are there so many of them? And finally, what can we do other than read this article and feel upset?</p><p><strong>Air pollution – a complex mixture</strong></p><p>As is often the case, we’re dealing with a broad term. “Air pollution” covers emissions from cars, power plants, wildfires, gas stoves, and more. Major pollutants released into the atmosphere from all these sources include carbon monoxide, ammonia, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter. The latter refers to tiny solid or liquid particles suspended in air, or in other words, anything that isn’t a gas. Particulate matter, or PM, is further classified according to size: PM10 refers to particles of 10 um or smaller, PM2.5 – 2.5 um or smaller, and ultrafine particles (UFPs) are those smaller than 0.1 um. This is important because, obviously, the smaller ones move around the body more easily, which makes them more dangerous for our health.</p><p>Some pollutants, like particulate matter and nitrogen oxides, are released directly into the atmosphere. These are called primary pollutants. Others form later through chemical reactions in the air. These are secondary pollutants. To make things even messier, heavy metals like <a href="https://neurofrontiers.blog/why-lead-is-still-bad-for-your-brain/" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">lead</a> and mercury can also be airborne and have been linked to harmful effects on the brain. For simplicity, we’ll talk about all of these under the same umbrella of air pollution, because they all contribute to negative health outcomes, including effects on the brain.</p><p>Still, you should keep in mind that this lumping isn’t how regulation and research typically work. For them, the complexity matters. Because regulation usually targets specific pollutants, studies have to isolate the effects of each one. In the real world though, the air is an everything-mixture. Primary pollutants contribute to the formation of secondary pollutants and we inhale a bunch of substances at once. That makes it even more difficult to say exactly which pollutant leads to what effect, but it might also mean that their combined effects might go underestimated.</p><p><strong>Brain disorders associated with air pollution</strong></p><p>It might’ve only been 10-15 years since the neuroscientific community turned its focus on how air pollution impacts the brain, but that doesn’t mean it hasn’t been a productive time. Researchers have combed the entire lifespan in search of effects and consequences, and this work has yielded impressive <a href="https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-051921-020812" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">results</a>.</p><p>Damage related to air pollution in the brain begins actually even before birth. Fetuses receive nutrients and oxygen through the placenta, a temporary organ that allows <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.22185" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">blood flow</a> between the mother and the fetus. As you can imagine, a <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2022.07.014" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">healthy</a> placenta is important for a healthy fetus. Unfortunately, exposure to pollution can cause the placenta to shrink, reducing blood flow and nutrient delivery. Studies in mice and rats have demonstrated this effect quite clearly. In women exposed to UFPs at work, the placenta was also affected. Since the placenta contributes to the proper development of the fetal brain, these changes can have downstream effects in terms of brain development.</p><p>Perhaps the most examined neurodevelopmental condition in relation to air pollution is autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A meta-analysis of 28 studies, including 758,997 newborns, with 47,190 having an ASD diagnosis, found that exposure to 5 μg/m³ of PM2.5 either before conception, during pregnancy, or after birth was linked to an increase in autism diagnoses between 5 and 17% (depending on exposure timing and the model used). As a side note, the 5 μg/m³ value for PM2.5 is the recommended limit set by the WHO.</p><p>Other disorders have been linked too, although the evidence is a bit less overwhelming. Meta-analyses have found associations between air pollution and both ADHD and schizophrenia across multiple countries. The effects aren’t as strong or consistent as they are for ASD, but they still show up often enough to raise concern.</p><p>At the other end of the lifespan, chronic exposure to air pollution has been linked to neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease and dementia (as we mentioned above, air pollution was added as a risk factor for dementia in 2020).</p><p>And it doesn’t end there. Some <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuro.2022.10.011" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">studies</a> have also linked increases in anxiety and depressive symptoms with air pollution levels, although some gaps remain here.</p><p><strong>Effects of air pollution on brain structure</strong></p><p>Air pollution hasn’t been linked just to symptoms, but to structural brain changes as well. In children, exposure has been associated with decreases in both grey and white matter volume across multiple regions and circuits, including the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuit, which in turn appears to be involved in multiple neurodevelopmental disorders.</p><p>Similarly, in adults, structural changes appear in both grey and white matter. Particularly interesting here is one <a href="https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000013031" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">study</a> which found that vigorous physical activity mediates the effects of exposure to PM2.5, but not in the way you might expect at first glance. It seems that people who were exposed to this type of pollution and exercised more had <em>worse</em> decreases in white matter volume. While further studies need to be conducted before drawing final conclusions, it is reasonable to assume that working out in more polluted areas increases the amount of pollutants inhaled, and leads to worse outcomes.</p><p><strong>Why so many targets?</strong></p><p>Air pollutants are diverse, of course, but still the question remains: how can they be linked to so many brain disorders and how can they have such widespread influence on brain structure? After all, neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders come with different symptoms, affect different brain areas, and follow different timelines.</p><p>It’s because despite those differences, these disorders share some common threads. And air pollution seems to pull on all of them. Inflammation, for one, shows up across the board. Many of these conditions involve chronic activation of microglia, the brain’s resident immune cells. Air pollution is a known inflammation trigger.</p><p>Another shared vulnerability lies in the mitochondria. Mitochondrial dysfunction is increasingly being acknowledged across a range of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. On the other hand, preliminary studies link air pollution to the mitochondria. For example, UFPs have been found in the mitochondria of the brains of people chronically exposed to air pollution.</p><p>Then there’s glutamate, the brain’s primary excitatory neurotransmitter. We need it to function, but excess glutamate is toxic, leading to white matter damage, among others. And you guessed it, air pollution has been shown to alter glutamatergic function.</p><p>So when we ask why so many brain disorders seem to link back to pollution, the answer is that it taps into mechanisms that a lot of them already have in common.</p><p><strong>What to do?</strong></p><p>We’ve said this before, panic for the sake of panic is useless. First and foremost, we need to keep in mind that exposure to air pollution doesn’t lead to all-or-nothing effects. So even if you can’t completely avoid it, reducing exposure will still help.</p><p>Of course, what you can do depends a lot on your personal circumstances. But here are a few tips you can pick and choose from. Indoors (where many of us spend a lot of time), try to avoid ventilating when the air quality is bad. Usually, you can check online how that looks like for your region at any point in time, plus you can assume that ventilating during rush hour is a no-no. If you can, get an air purifier that can filter PM2.5 particles. Outdoors, you can try to avoid high-traffic areas. If the air is particularly bad, you can even consider wearing an N95 mask.</p><p>It goes without saying, but you can also take active action against pollution. It might not amount to much on an individual level, but it does add up.</p><p><em>What did you think about this post? Let us know in the comments below.</em> <em>And if you’d like to support our work, feel free to share it with your friends, buy us a coffee </em><span><i><a href="https://ko-fi.com/neurofrontiers" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">here</a></i></span>, <em>or even both.</em></p><p><em>Subscribe to our RSS feed <a href="https://neurofrontiers.blog/feed" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">here</a>.</em></p><p><em>You might also like:</em></p><p><strong>References</strong><br>Cory-Slechta, D. A., Merrill, A., & Sobolewski, M. (2023). Air Pollution–Related Neurotoxicity Across the Life Span. Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 63(1), 143–163. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-051921-020812" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-051921-020812</a></p><p>Drew, L. (2025). Air pollution and brain damage: what the science says. Nature, 637(8046), 536–538. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-025-00053-y" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-025-00053-y</a></p><p>Furlong, M. A., Alexander, G. E., Klimentidis, Y. C., & Raichlen, D. A. (2022). Association of Air Pollution and Physical Activity With Brain Volumes. Neurology, 98(4). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000013031" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000013031</a></p><p>Liu, D., Gao, Q., Wang, Y., & Xiong, T. (2022). Placental dysfunction: The core mechanism for poor neurodevelopmental outcomes in the offspring of preeclampsia pregnancies. Placenta, 126, 224–232. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2022.07.014" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.placenta.2022.07.014</a></p><p>Livingston, G., Huntley, J., Sommerlad, A., Ames, D., Ballard, C., Banerjee, S., Brayne, C., Burns, A., Cohen-Mansfield, J., Cooper, C., Costafreda, S. G., Dias, A., Fox, N., Gitlin, L. N., Howard, R., Kales, H. C., Kivimäki, M., Larson, E. B., Ogunniyi, A., … Mukadam, N. (2020). Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2020 report of the Lancet Commission. The Lancet, 396(10248), 413–446. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30367-6" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30367-6</a></p><p>Sammallahti, S., Tiemeier, H., Louwen, S., Steegers, E., Hillegers, M., Jaddoe, V. W. V., & White, T. (2021). Fetal–placental blood flow and neurodevelopment in childhood: population‐based neuroimaging study. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology, 58(2), 245–253. Portico. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.22185" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1002/uog.22185</a></p><p>Zundel, C. G., Ryan, P., Brokamp, C., Heeter, A., Huang, Y., Strawn, J. R., & Marusak, H. A. (2022). Air pollution, depressive and anxiety disorders, and brain effects: A systematic review. NeuroToxicology, 93, 272–300. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuro.2022.10.011" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuro.2022.10.011</a></p><p>World Health Organization. (2025, July 4). Billions of people still breathe unhealthy air: New who data. World Health Organization. <a href="https://www.who.int/news/item/04-04-2022-billions-of-people-still-breathe-unhealthy-air-new-who-data" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">https://www.who.int/news/item/04-04-2022-billions-of-people-still-breathe-unhealthy-air-new-who-data</a></p><p><a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://neurofrontiers.blog/tag/air-pollution/" target="_blank">#airPollution</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://neurofrontiers.blog/tag/brain/" target="_blank">#brain</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://neurofrontiers.blog/tag/health/" target="_blank">#health</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://neurofrontiers.blog/tag/neurodegenerative/" target="_blank">#neurodegenerative</a> <a rel="nofollow noopener" class="hashtag u-tag u-category" href="https://neurofrontiers.blog/tag/neurodevelopmental/" target="_blank">#neurodevelopmental</a></p>
Flipboard Science Desk<p>Can adults make new brain cells? There is “strong evidence in support of the idea." Read more from <span class="h-card" translate="no"><a href="https://flipboard.com/@LiveScience" class="u-url mention" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">@<span>LiveScience</span></a></span>:</p><p><a href="https://flip.it/IqE8sX" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://</span><span class="">flip.it/IqE8sX</span><span class="invisible"></span></a></p><p><a href="https://flipboard.social/tags/Science" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Science</span></a> <a href="https://flipboard.social/tags/Health" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Health</span></a> <a href="https://flipboard.social/tags/Brain" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Brain</span></a> <a href="https://flipboard.social/tags/Humans" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Humans</span></a> <a href="https://flipboard.social/tags/Neurology" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Neurology</span></a></p>
Petra van Cronenburg<p><a href="https://mastodon.online/tags/Heatwave" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Heatwave</span></a>! What do you actually do with that flabby thing called a <a href="https://mastodon.online/tags/brain" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>brain</span></a>? 🧠 <br>I wonder if there are effective measures to rouse synapses. Or whether it's better to let them fray like fabric. Or think with my arms, for a change!<br>Oh, too bad, I'm not an octopus. 😭 🐙 </p><p>New idea: I could outsource my thinking! 🤯 🥵 </p><p>You see: It's definitively time for a siesta.<br>Come little brain, come on, follow your nice big human container! 🥱 😴 </p><p><a href="https://mastodon.online/tags/heat" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>heat</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.online/tags/ClimateAdaption" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>ClimateAdaption</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.online/tags/miniFiction" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>miniFiction</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.online/tags/writersLife" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>writersLife</span></a> <a href="https://mastodon.online/tags/siesta" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>siesta</span></a></p>
US<p><a href="https://www.europesays.com/us/24660/" rel="nofollow noopener" translate="no" target="_blank"><span class="invisible">https://www.</span><span class="">europesays.com/us/24660/</span><span class="invisible"></span></a> Do omega-3 supplements boost athletic performance? <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/AntiInflammatory" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>AntiInflammatory</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/Antioxidant" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Antioxidant</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/brain" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>brain</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/Cardiometabolic" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Cardiometabolic</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/Cell" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Cell</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/Cholesterol" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Cholesterol</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/dopamine" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>dopamine</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/exercise" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>exercise</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/FattyAcids" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>FattyAcids</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/fish" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>fish</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/FishOil" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>FishOil</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/Health" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Health</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/HealthyLifestyle" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>HealthyLifestyle</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/inflammation" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>inflammation</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/Lipoprotein" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Lipoprotein</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/Membrane" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Membrane</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/metabolism" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>metabolism</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/muscle" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>muscle</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/Nerve" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Nerve</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/Nutrients" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Nutrients</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/Nutrition" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Nutrition</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/Omega3FattyAcid" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Omega3FattyAcid</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/OxidativeStress" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>OxidativeStress</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/research" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>research</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/Serotonin" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>Serotonin</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/stress" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>stress</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/supplements" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>supplements</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/UnitedStates" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>UnitedStates</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/UnitedStates" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>UnitedStates</span></a> <a href="https://pubeurope.com/tags/US" class="mention hashtag" rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank">#<span>US</span></a></p>
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